Impact of motivational interviewing on early childhood caries A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background. The authors aimed to assess the scientific evidence on motivational interviewing for the clinical reduction of early childhood caries compared with traditional dental health education. Methods. Search terms were selected on the basis of Medical Subject Headings and non-Medical Subject Headings terms. The main key words were motivational interviewing, early childhood caries, and education. Potentially eligible studies involved the clinical assessment of caries rate in children whose parents or caregivers received motivational interviewing as an intervention. The authors assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. In March 2019, the authors performed an electronic database search of literature published in English within the following databases: Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase. Results. Of 329 articles retrieved initially, 14 were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and 3 articles contributed to the meta-analysis. For statistical analysis, the mean difference of continuous data was analyzed at a 95 confidence interval using the random-effects model. Conclusions. Overall, the evidence presented in this review was limited. Although the results of the meta-analysis showed that motivational interviewing is as effective as dental health education in controlling early childhood caries, we need more and better designed and reported interventions to assess its impact on early childhood caries accurately.