Nicolau syndrome, a rare though important complication of hyaluronic acid injection

Abstract

In addition to its worldwide availability, it is one of the most biocompatible molecules and is safe to use.1 A wide range of side effects might occur after periocular HA injection, ranging from erythema and edema to more serious complications such as permanent vision loss and necrotizing granuloma.2 Nicolau syndrome is a rare complication of HA injection reported in a limited number of cases. Embolia cutis medicamentosa or Nicolau syndrome is a rare complication first reported in 1925 after Bismuth injection in syphilitic patients.