Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dental plaques

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is considered the pathogenic agent of dental implant infections. The present survey was performed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus strains amongst the swab samples taken from the site of dental implant infection and also perlimplant sulcular fluid (PISF). Methods: A total of 70 individuals were included in this survey. Swab samples of the site of infection and also PISE fluid were taken and applied for microbial culture. Disk diffusion was used to assess the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolates. Twenty out of 70 (28.57) swab samples taken from the site of dental implant infection and PISF. Results: The mean age of the studied population was 50.4 years, with a male to female ratio of 45/25. A history of alcohol and smoking was found in 25.71 and 77.5714 of the studied population. Statistically significant differences were found between male to female ratio (P <0.05), distribution of non-alcoholic and alcoholic individuals (P <0.05), and smokers with nonsmoker individuals (P <0.05). S. aureus strains harbored the highest resistance levels toward penicillin (90), gentamicin (85), tetracycline (85), and ciprofloxacin (75). Resistance toward rifampin (25) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (45) was lower than other antimicrobials. Conclusion: The role of antibiotic resistant-S. aureus strains was found as a reason of dental implant infections. However, some additional studies are needed to found more epidemiological aspects of antibiotic resistant-S. aureus in dental implant samples.