Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) is insufficiently understood and controversially reported. This study focused on providing a better understanding of the prevalence of TN in MS patients. Method: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar to identify studies published from January 1, 1990, to December 30, 2020. We included studies reporting the TN prevalence among MS patients and exclude case reports/series and editorial studies, review studies, and non-English written articles. We used pooled prevalence estimates to determine the TN prevalence among MS patients. Results: Pooled overall TN prevalence among 19 studies and 30,348 MS patients was estimated as 3.4 (95 CI: 1.5-5.9) with a high level of heterogeneity among studies (I-2=98.92; p<0.001). The pooled prevalence of TN in male and female patients across 9 surveys was 2.4 (95 CI: 0.5-5.4) and 3.8 (95 CI: 0.8-8.7), respectively. No heterogeneity between the two groups was observed (p = 0.558). A meta-regression was performed to explore the source of the heterogeneity. None of the candidate covariates, including the year of a study publication, the sample size, the average age of patients, and the disease duration, were significant in the model. Conclusion: Our results showed that TN is a common problem among patients with MS, predominantly male patients. Future studies should target the general prevalence of pain in MS patients.