Facial involvement in multiple sclerosis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) can present with facial symptoms and signs, such as facial palsy, myokymia, and hemifacial spasm. Considering the importance of early diagnosis, treatment, and exclusion of causes other than MS, we aimed to assess the prevalence of these disorders in patients with MS. METHODS: MS patients who were referred to the Isfahan MS clinic from March 2021 to March 2022 were observed for facial presentations of the disease. A checklist of patients' baseline characteristics and disease features were then completed through patient interview and medical files. RESULTS: Of the total of 2260 MS patients who were assessed, 3.27 had facial palsy, 1.28 had myokymia, and 0.84 presented with hemifacial spasm. The mean age of facial symptom onset was 30.74, 29.07, and 31.37 years, respectively. No relationship was found between the type of facial presentation and factors such as age, gender, subtype of MS, affected side of face, and time of presentation. CONCLUSION: On the grounds that facial disorders can be the first presentation of MS, patients with atypical features of other common facial diseases such as Bell's palsy should therefore be carefully assessed and followed for any clues pertaining to the diagnosis of MS.