Impact of astaxanthin supplementation on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the impact of astaxanthin (AST) supplementation on blood pressure in adults. We conducted a comprehensive search using different electronic databases. Ten RCTs with 493 participants that reported the effect of AST supplementation on blood pressure in adults were included. AST supplementation led to a marginally decline in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mean difference (MD) = -1.21; 95 CI: -2.51, 0.09), but not systolic blood pressure. In patients, AST supplementation reduced DBP by 2.77 mmHg (95 CI: -4.34, -1.19). Also, assigning > 12 mg of AST to adults resulted in a slight decrease in DBP (MD = -0.89; 95 CI: -1.82, 0.04). AST supplementation significantly reduced DBP by 2.27 mmHg in participants from Asian countries (95 CI: -3.71, -0.83). This meta-analysis of RCTs disclosed that AST supplementation could reduce DBP, especially with a dose of > 12 mg/ d supplementation, in patient individuals and in participants from Asian countries.