Explaining the Factors Shaping Two Different Beliefs about Cancer in Iran Based on Causal Layer Analysis "CLA"

Abstract

20 million people currently have cancer worldwide, and by 2020 this number will exceed 30 million. Chronic illnesses including cancer make challenges and threats such as destruction of body, soul, insecurity, loneliness, and hopelessness leading many patients to lose their hope for their disease. On the contrary, some people defend themselves against internal and external stress by learning, organizing, and adapting to health, happiness, and meaningful life. They can overcome their stress due to cancer, and also will have full hope of a cured follow-up and regain their health. This article aimed to explain the factors behind the formation of such different beliefs that people with/without cancer have in their lives. The method of causal layered analysis (CLA) is considered a critique of the dominant beliefs and at the same time contradictory about cancer in Iran. For this purpose, existing scientific texts, documents, journals, articles, and literary sources that were available on the factors underlying the formation of different beliefs about cancer were studied and complemented the constituents of the lithium layers to metaphors. Cancer as a disease and as an endpoint of life are two dominant beliefs that constitute the most superficial layer in society. There are different layers underlying these two beliefs. Changes in traumatic beliefs that lead to harm to the patient and reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of health services to the extent that they lead to developmental beliefs require special attention to their constituents in various substrates. It has ideological and even metaphors of community.