Associations between dietary intake of B vitamins and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly men: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: Low intake of B vitamins can lead to hyperhomocysteinaemia, which is reported as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about this relationship. Therefore, we decided to examine the association between dietary intake of B vitamins and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly men. Methods: The present cross-sectional study consisted of 357 elderly men. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. All biochemical factors fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) were assessed using standard methods. Results: A significant inverse association was observed between high dietary intake of total B vitamins (ORTotal B vitamins: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.86; P =.01) and vitamin B9 (ORvitamin B9: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.52; P =.002) with high WC. Furthermore, an inverse association was observed between high dietary intake of vitamin B6 (ORvitamin B6: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.08, 1.00; P =.05) and vitamin B9 (ORvitamin B9: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.70; P =.01) with hs-CRP level. Conclusions: In elderly men, a high dietary intake of total B vitamins and vitamin B9 was associated with lower odds of having a high WC. Similarly, high dietary intake of vitamin B6 and B9 was associated with lower odds of having a high hs-CRP level. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd