Analyzing features by SWLDA for the classification of HEp-2 cell images using GMM

Abstract

In this paper, a system is introduced for automatic classification of Human Epithelial cells type 2 Patterns (HEp-2) in indirect immunofluorescence imaging. HEp-2 cell classification was performed using Step-Wise Linear Discriminant Analysis (SWLDA) and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). Images were first normalized. Then, binary, intensity, statistical, spectral, wavelet-based, Haralick, CLBP and Gabor features were extracted from the normalized images. The best features were then selected using SWLDA, and the GMM framework was used for classification. Two protocols were examined considering all data and divided data (into intermediate and positive groups). In the first protocol all data are modeled with one GMM and in the second protocol two GMM models are designed for intermediate and positive data. The methods were applied on the ICPR2012 and ICIP2013 datasets. For the ICPR2012 dataset, a third protocol was also proposed based on the results of the second protocol. The classification was evaluated using standard metrics. The comparative results show that our method outperformed previous works for the ICPR2012 dataset and intermediate for the ICIP2013 dataset. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.