Positive Psychology Interventions for Patients With Heart Disease: A Preliminary Randomized Trial

Abstract

Background: Positive psychologic characteristics have been linked to superior cardiac outcomes. Objective: Accordingly, in this exploratory study, we assessed positive psychology interventions in patients who had recently undergone a procedure to treat cardiovascular disease. Method: Participants were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 different 6-week face-to-face interventions or a wait-list control condition. We assessed intervention feasibility and compared changes in psychologic outcome measures postintervention (7 wk) and at follow-up (15 wk) between intervention and control participants. Across the interventions, 74 of assigned sessions were completed. Results: When comparing outcomes between interventions and control participants (N = 55 total), there were no between-group differences post-intervention, but at follow-up intervention participants had greater improvements in happiness (beta = 14.43, 95 CI: 8.66-20.2, p < 0.001), depression (beta = 3.87, 95 CI: 7.72 to 0.02, p = 0.049), and hope (beta = 7.12, 95 CI: 1.25-13.00, p =0.017), with moderate-large effect sizes. Efficacy of the 3 interventions was similar. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to identify an optimal positive psychology intervention for cardiac patients.