The Crosstalk between Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and miRNAs

Abstract

MiRNAs, which are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate over 60 of genes, modulate gene expression. MiRNAs have been implicated in numerous cardiovascular disorders, including ischemic heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, and heart failure. Additionally, changes in miRNA expression have been observed following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery and have been suggested as a potential means of predicting surgical outcomes. CABG is a surgical intervention that addresses complicated coronary artery stenosis by bypassing atherosclerotic lesions using arterial or venous grafts. CABG is associated with surgical problems like perioperative myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, reperfusion injury, and graft failure despite its great long-term survival and low perioperative mortality. At present, there are no reliable diagnostic or prognostic methods for predicting outcomes after CABG. However, changes in miRNA expression levels during the perioperative period could be utilized to improve the diagnosis of post-CABG complications and stratify risk in patients with CABG. This article discusses the alterations in expression of miRNA subtypes and explores the potential prognostic and diagnostic value of miRNAs in CABG patients.