Topical 5 minoxidil versus combined erbium YAG laser and topical 5 minoxidil in androgenetic alopecia: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss in men, and several treatment options have been proposed for it. Fractional ablative erbium YAG laser can promote hair growth through trans-epidermal drug delivery and the thermal stimulation of hair follicles; this study therefore aims to evaluate minoxidil alone and in combination with fractional ablative erbium YAG laser in male patients with AGA. MethodsThis study was performed on 30 male patients with moderate to severe AGA. Patients were equally randomized into two groups, and the intervention group was treated with 1 mL of topical 5 minoxidil twice daily and six sessions of 2940-nm ablative fractional erbium YAG laser, and the control group received topical 5 minoxidil alone. The assessment entailed photography, dermoscopy, and patient satisfaction based on a 7-point grading scale. ResultsBoth groups showed statistically significant improvements in terms of patient satisfaction, photography, and dermoscopy scores. The group receiving a combination of laser and minoxidil treatment obtained a higher dermoscopy score than the patients receiving minoxidil alone (p-value = 0.016). Nonetheless, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of the photography score (p-value = 0.13). ConclusionLaser treatment can stimulate the hair follicles and also enhance the dermal delivery of minoxidil, which was found to be associated with slightly better outcomes in this study.