Ultrasound-assisted extraction of alginic acid from Sargassum angustifolium harvested from Persian Gulf shores using response surface methodology

Abstract

In this study, the extraction and characterization of alginic acid, the most abundant compound among brown algae were investigated. The used algae were Sargassum angustifolium from the family of brown algae native to the coasts of the Persian Gulf. The effect of temperature, time, algae mass to solvent volume ratio, and ultrasonic power on the extraction yield and ratio of monomers (M/G) was investigated using the central composite design method. Moreover, the effect of the mentioned parameters on the poly dispersity index and cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cells were also investigated. The maximum obtained extraction yield was 46 , which was higher than those reported for algae in tropical climates. This shows the effectiveness of ultrasound in facilitating the extraction process. In addition, the minimum monomer ratio was 0.45, the minimum poly dispersity index was 2.5 and the maximum cytotoxicity for using the extract on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was 20.3 (with alginic acid concentration of 250 micrograms per milliliter).