Investigating the Effectiveness of 6 Mev Electron and Ultrasound Beams with the Use of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles Attached to Cisplatin on B16F10 Cells: In-Vitro Study

Abstract

Melanoma is considered the deadliest skin cancer that can be treated with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, etc. The use of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in order to increase the effectiveness of electron beams and ultrasound beams by increasing the production of free radicals (ROS) and their ability to deliver chemotherapy drugs is under research. Cisplatin is one of the chemotherapy drugs based on platinum, whose ability to deal with melanoma has recently been clarified. In this study, we studied the synthesis of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin nanoparticles and we managed to determine the characteristics of each of them using TEM, DLS, FTIR, UV-Vis tests; also, MTT and flow cytometry tests were performed for Fe2O3 and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic with the concentrations of 10, 25, 50, 80 and 100 mu g/mL and for Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin and cisplatin with concentrations of 0.6, 1.6, 5, 10 and 20 mu g/mL alone and in combination with electron beam with doses of 1 Gy, 2Gy and 3Gy and ultrasound beam with the intensities of 1W/cm2 and 2W/cm2. The results of the mining TEM test show the size of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin to be 25nm, 35nm and 42nm, and the FTIR and UV-Vis tests also confirmed the nanoparticle coating and drug loading; also, the results of MTT and flow cytometry test showed the effectiveness of Fe2O3, Fe2O3@L-Aspartic and Fe2O3@L-Aspartic@Cisplatin in increasing the effectiveness of electron beam and ultrasound beam. The use of nanotechnology together with other treatment methods can shed light on a new way to overcome cancer.