Socio-Cognitve Factors Affectng Non-Partcipaton in the Colorectal Cancer Screening Program of Adults Aged 50 to 70 in Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectves: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, which ranks second in cancer deaths in Iran. This study was conducted with the aim of explaining the effectve factors of non-partcipaton in the colorectal cancer screening program in adults based on the health belief model in Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectonal study was conducted on 683 adults aged 50-70 years (338 women and 345 men) in the health centers of Daran City of Isfahan. The data was collected using a researcher-made questonnaire based on the health belief model in the summer of 1401. SPSS.23 statstcal sofware was used for data analysis, mean, frequency for descripton, and correlaton and Logistc regression tests were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the partcipants was 57.5 (standard deviaton 8.7) and most of them were men (50.5). The results of the logistc regression analysis showed that the demographic and cognitve variables based on the health belief model were significantly predicted non-partcipatng in the screening of colorectal cancer in health centers (Adj R=0.46, P<0.01). Among the entered demographic variables, family history of colorectal cancer (OR: 7.69; 95 CI: 3.45-17.09) and among the cognitve variables, knowledge (OR=1.61, 95 CI:1.36-1.9) and Perceived barriers (OR=0.88, 95 CI:0.85-0.92) had the highest predictve power in non-partcipaton. Conclusion: The results of the present study emphasized the low-risk percepton and low knowledge of adults who did not partcipate in the program. Therefore, it is recommended to use community-based programs to raise people's awareness of the perceived risk of colorectal cancer and the possibility of performing a fit test in health service centers. It is also recommended to create strategies to facilitate partcipaton in the program (such as home screening or mailing) in adults. © 2024 Iranian Association of Health Education and Health Promotion. All rights reserved.