Comparative Study of the Preemptive Dexmedetomidine Versus Ondansetron Effect in Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting after Middle Ear Surgery

Abstract

Background: Nausea and vomiting after operation has high prevalence and cause adverse effect. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine with ondansetron in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after middle ear surgery under general anesthesia.and saliva gas in traumatic patients under mechanical ventilation. Methods: This in this double-blinded clinical trial study, one hundred and sixty-two patients undergoing middle ear surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups of 55 each: ondansetron (O), dexmedetomidine (D) and control (C). Group O received 0.1 mg/kg of ondansetron, Group D received 1 μg/kg/min of dexmedetomidine and Group C received 10 cc of normal saline 15 to 20 minutes before surgical incision. After that, the patients were examined in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and up to 24 hours after the operation in terms of PONV and other study variables. Results: The severity of nausea after operation based on VAS (visual analog scale) was significantly different between Group O (2.2±0.7) and Group D (3.9± 0.7) and Group C (5.15±1.3) (P= 0.04). The incidence of vomiting in the first 24h postoperatively was 14.8 in Group O, 46.3 in Group D and 88.8 in Group C (P= 0.003). Conclusion: Our study showed that ondansetron was better than dexmedetomidine for prevention of PONV after middle ear surgery. © 2024 Tehran University of Medical Sciences.