Scoping Review of Various Aspects of Electronic Referral Systems within Family Medicine Programs across Different Countries

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, the adoption of electronic referral systems has accelerated worldwide, driven by advances in information technology and communication infrastructure. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review of the diverse dimensions of electronic referral systems across different countries. Methods: This review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. We gathered information without time limitations by searching for relevant keywords in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, MagIran, and Google Scholar search engine. Manual searches were also performed in selected journals. Endnote X8 software was used for data management. Analysis was conducted through manual thematic analysis. Results: From a total of 4,372 articles and reports, finally, 20 articles were included in this review. The findings were organized into eight primary domains encompassing 51 subcategories. These domains included economic aspects, service quality improvement, enhancement of referral quantity, improved access, increased satisfaction among healthcare providers and recipients, barriers and challenges, the referral process, and facilitators. Conclusion: The implementation of electronic referral systems has led to positive outcomes, including improved economic efficiency, enhanced quantity and quality of referrals, higher satisfaction levels among healthcare providers and recipients, improved access to care, and streamlined referral processes. Middle-low incomes countries have the opportunity to design and implement electronic referral systems tailored to their specific conditions and capabilities. © (2023), (Iran University of Medical Sciences). All Rights Reserved.