Chitosan/poly (β-amino ester) hydrogel by controlled release of Centella Asiatica promoted wound healing through improved collagen expression and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties

Abstract

Burn wound healing presents several challenges, including impaired collagen synthesis, delayed wound closure, and disrupted inflammatory responses. This study investigates the potential of a novel UV-crosslinked hydrogel made of chitosan (CS)/poly(beta-amino ester) (P beta AE) and Centella Asiatica extract (CA) for second-degree burn wound treatment. Among various formulations, a monomer ratio of 1.5:1 and 5 wt 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-acetophenone DMPA crosslinker concentration were found optimal. The hydrogel achieved a similar to 74 controlled release of CA over 72 h and showed significant enhancement in fibroblast viability (123.66 +/- 9 at 5 days). Scratch assay demonstrated a similar to 99.5 wound closure within 24 h. Collagen type I expression was increased by similar to 1.7-fold compared with the control. Additionally, the hydrogel exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory properties, effectively modulating the inflammatory response. It significantly reduced pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha while simultaneously enhancing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10 and TGF-beta. This dual action not only mitigates inflammation but also fosters a regenerative environment, further supporting the healing process and promoting tissue recovery. The hydrogel exhibited antibacterial properties with inhibition zones of similar to 19.1 mm for E. coli and similar to 12.4 mm for S. aureus. These results suggest that this biocompatible, biodegradable hydrogel is a promising therapeutic candidate for second-degree burn wounds. Highlights Developed a UV-crosslinked chitosan/P beta AE hydrogel with Centella for burns. Optimized hydrogel releases similar to 74 Centella extract over 72 h. Boosts fibroblast viability, migration, and collagen I expression 1.7x. Reduces inflammation by modulating IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and TGF-beta. Strong antibacterial action against E. coli and S. aureus.