Job stress prevalence in Iranian drivers and contributing factors: Systematic review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Job stress is a significant concern among drivers, particularly in Iran, where its prevalence varies by geographical region. This study aims to systematically review and analyze the prevalence of job stress among Iranian drivers and identify contributing factors. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy was implemented across multiple databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar engine. Studies included were cross-sectional in nature, reporting on moderate to high job stress levels among Iranian drivers up to December 30, 2024. Quality assessment was performed using Mitton's checklist, and data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. RESULTS: Out of 320 articles screened, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of job stress among Iranian drivers was found to be 46.3 (95 CI: 30.3-63.1). The highest prevalence was reported in North Khorasan province (87.9), while the lowest was in Tehran (8.2). Factors contributing to job stress included work shifts (31) and noise exposure (23), and working environment (23). Meta-regression analysis indicated that sample size, average age, and work experience significantly influenced study heterogeneity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This systematic review underscores the urgent need for policies aimed at reducing job stress among Iranian drivers, focusing on enhancing working conditions and providing mental health support to improve overall well-being and safety on the roads.