The association between dietary obesity-prevention score and cardiovascular risk factors

Abstract

ObjectiveThe Dietary Obesity Prevention Score (DOS) is a dietary assessment tool previously linked to obesity. This study aimed to explore the association between DOS and selected cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.DesignA cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 1,332 adult employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and DOS was calculated based on established criteria. Serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) LDL-C(, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and blood sugar (BS) levels were measured using standard commercial kits. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine the association between DOS and CVD risk factors.SettingTehran University of Medical Sciences.ParticipantsOne thousand three hundred thirty-two adults university employees.ResultsThe mean age and body mass index (BMI) of participants were 42.8 years and 27.2 kg/m2, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the highest DOS quintile had 47 lower odds of hypertension compared to those in the lowest quintile (OR: 0.53; 95 CI: 0.30-0.94; P = 0.006). A marginally significant inverse association was also observed for low HDL-C (OR: 0.60; 95 CI: 0.38-0.95; P = 0.05). No significant associations were found between DOS and other CVD risk factors.ConclusionsHigher adherence to the Dietary Obesity Prevention Score may be linked to lower odds of hypertension and low HDL-C. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.