Dietary Antioxidant Minerals (Cr, Mg, Cu, Se, Zn) in Diabetic Children and their Relationship with Fasting and Postprandial Blood Glucose

Abstract

Background: Dietary micronutrient levels can influence glucose and insulin regulation. Studies show micronutrients can have a positive effect on blood sugar control. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood sugar levels and dietary antioxidant minerals (Cr, Mg, Cu, Se, Zn) in children with type 1 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 children aged 3-18 with type 1 diabetes. A three-day food record was used to collect dietary information. Fasting blood sugar and 2-hour postprandial glucose were recorded by parents. Dietary data were extracted by N4. SPSS Version 27 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: The average age of subjects was 10/3 +/- 3/3 years. According to the comparison of intake amounts of antioxidant minerals based on age and sex with Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), most children reported enough intake. A significant positive relationship was observed between the intake of copper and 2 hours of blood sugar after breakfast (P values < 0.05). We found a significant relationship between intake of chromium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc with blood sugar levels, after adjusting for confounding variables (P values < 0.05). Conclusions: The amount of dietary antioxidant minerals in most children was within the appropriate range compared with the RDA. There is a significant relationship between dietary antioxidant minerals (chromium, magnesium, selenium, and zinc) and fasting and postprandial blood glucose after adjusting for confounding variables.