An Educational Intervention for Improving the Use of Hearing Protection Equipment among Operational Oil Refinery Workers Based on the Health Belief Model

Abstract

Aim: The use of hearing protection equipment is the last solution to decrease noise exposure in industries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of educational intervention on improving the use of hearing protection devices based on the health belief model (HBM). Methods: The 100 male workers exposed to noise in an oil refinery participated in this study. The intervention was conducted in 12 sessions (40–60 min for each session and three times per week). Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire made by the researcher before and after the intervention. Results: The results showed that the dimensions of the HBM had no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). The results revealed that the mean values of all dimensions of the HBM, except the dimension of perceived barriers, significantly increased in the intervention group after educational sessions (P < 0.001). However, there was not a significant difference in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results, the HBM could affect the use duration of hearing protection devices among refinery workers. Therefore, it is suggested that this model be applied to train employees exposed to high noise levels in various industries. © 2025 International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering.