Study of CYFRA 21-1 Concentration in Patients with Lung Cancer Based on the Pathological Type

Abstract

Background: Tumor markers are not recommended for early diagnosis of lung cancer due to their low sensitivity, but they could be used as a determining tool to differentiate malignancies from benign tumors. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the serum concentration of the CYFRA biomarker in patients with lung cancer. Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2022 at a superspecialty hospital in Esfahan, 12 patients were included. All participants consented to be in the study, and the ethical committee of the national health ministry authorized ethical issues. Blood samples were collected from participants to measure the CYFRA 21 level using electrochemiluminescence (ECL) with German assay kits from ROCH. Blood samples were taken prior to therapy initiation and after the diagnosis confirmation by a pulmonologist. Findings: The minimum age was 44 years and the maximum age was 78 years old.50 of the individuals were men. The mean CYFRA 21-1 level was 8.2358 IU/dL. The minimum level was 0.70 and the maximum level was 56.70 IU/dL. Pathologic results demonstrated that 25 of the samples were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 8.3 were small cell carcinoma (SmCC), and 58.3 were adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: According to the study findings, lung adenocarcinoma has the highest Mean CYFRA 21-1 level, followed by SMCC and then SCC. Also, females and the age group of 66-78 years had the highest mean serum concentration of CYFRA 21-1. However, due to the small sample size of our study, it is suggested that this study be repeated with a larger sample size. © 2025, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.