Study of the Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial infections in humans and can lead to serious complications if not treated properly. The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics has challenged the treatment of these infections. The aim of this study was to determine the common pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns in patients with urinary tract infections at Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 100 hospitalized patients in different departments of Al-Zahra Hospital. The patients' urine samples were cultured and the antibiogram results were analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Pathogens were divided into two resistant groups, including PDR, MDR, and XDR, and susceptible, based on the level of antibiotic resistance. Also, demographic and risk factors associated with antibiotic resistance were investigated. Findings: From 100 urine cultures, 109 pathogens were isolated, including 16 PDR (14.7), 43 MDR (39.5), 14 XDR (12.8), and 36 susceptible (33). The most common pathogens were Klebsiella (33.9), Enterococcus (19.2), and E. coli (13.7). Klebsiella showed the highest susceptibility to colistin (100), followed by amikacin (56.8), meropenem (62.2), and tazocin (67.6). Enterococcus was susceptible to linezolid (95.24) and vancomycin (47.6), while E. coli was susceptible to meropenem and tazocin (66.66), and amikacin (66.66). Conclusion: Klebsiella, Enterococcus, and E. coli were the most common pathogens causing urinary tract infections in Al-Zahra Hospital, showing high resistance to common antibiotics. These findings indicated the necessity of appropriate antibiotic prescription and the implementation of infection control programs to reduce antibiotic resistance. © 2025, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.