A roy adaptation model-based care program and its impact on quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a clinical manifestation of chronic coronary artery disease, is often associated with multiple complications, recurrent hospitalizations, and diminished quality of life. Evaluating quality of life is a key outcome for determining the effectiveness of clinical and educational interventions. This study examined the impact of a care program grounded in the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) on the quality of life of patients with ACS. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 76 patients with ACS were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Data collection took place from July to December 2024. Participants in the intervention arm received a two-week educational care program grounded in the Roy Adaptation Model, delivered through in-person sessions and supplemented with an instructional booklet. Data were gathered using a demographic survey, the SF-36 quality-of-life instrument, and the Roy Adaptation Model assessment form, which were administered at baseline and at one and three months following the intervention. RESULTS: Independent t-tests revealed no significant pre-intervention differences in physical, mental, or overall quality-of-life scores between the groups. Following the intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements. Repeated-measures ANOVA confirmed significant main effects of time and time-by-group interaction. Subscale analysis demonstrated significant improvements in seven of the eight SF-36 domains in the intervention group. In contrast, the control group exhibited a significant improvement only in general health. CONCLUSION: The Roy Adaptation Model provides an effective framework for fostering adaptation and enhancing quality of life in cardiac patients.