Developing and validating a functional social relationships enhancement program for cancer patients: A Delphi method

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Disruptions in key functional aspects of social relationships, such as reduced support, social distress, loneliness, and isolation, contribute significantly to negative patient outcomes. An evidence-based program was designed and evaluated using the Delphi technique to enhance social relationships.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This developmental mixed-methods study, conducted in Isfahan during 2024-2025, designed and validated a program based on the Ewles and Simnett model using a three-round Delphi technique. Healthcare and psychosocial specialists participated, employing structured checklists in all rounds. Needs were prioritized in the first round (n = 10), operational activities evaluated in the second (n = 10), and the program validated in the third (n = 10). Data were analyzed with SPSS 23 using descriptive statistics.RESULTS:In the first Delphi round, 10 priority needs were selected out of 51, each receiving at least 70 of the total expert scores based on their importance. In the second round, 77 operational activities were selected from 105, meeting >= 80 consensus on importance, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness. In the final round, expert consensus exceeded 90 across all evaluated dimensions, confirming the overall credibility and acceptance of the program.CONCLUSION:Experts reached consensus through the Delphi technique to develop and validate evidence-based interventions aimed at improving functional social relationships, providing a practical framework to enhance psychosocial well-being, and strengthening supportive care for cancer patients in clinical and research settings.