Knowledge management strategies and models in health context: a systematic review

Abstract

Background Knowledge management has become increasingly prevalent in the field of healthcare, necessitating an understanding of the various strategies and models employed.Methods This research was conducted using a systematic literature review method that took references from Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Emerald, and PubMed from 1995 to 2024.Results With the final paper extracted as many as 24 articles. We specifically identified six strategies and 12 models for knowledge management in the different health context. Common strategies include human and information technology based, personal and collective approach and coding or personalization for implementation knowledge management can be used in health context. Identified models cover a wide range of knowledge management for hospital, telemedicine, health care and clinical, nursing, health organizations. The Nonaka's model consist of socialization, externalization, combination and internalization used commonly for designing knowledge management model in health setting. Resistance to change, preference for traditional methods, entrenched habits, inconsistent knowledge sharing, integration difficulties, resource-intensive processes, ongoing support needs and data privacy and quality concerns are common challenges for knowledge management in health context.Conclusion The use of general models of knowledge management in health context may be available after evaluating its effectiveness. It is necessary to provide new strategies and models for knowledge management in different health subdomains. This review highlights the critical integration of human expertise and technology in healthcare knowledge management, the necessity of fostering collaborative, patient-centered environments, and the importance of strong leadership and tailored, user-friendly KM systems to overcome challenges and enhance clinical decision-making and care quality.