Evaluation of the effect of a nanobioglass varnish and Er,Cr: YSGG laser on remineralization of demineralized deciduous teeth

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This in vitro experimental study aimed to evaluate and compare the remineralizing effects of nanobioglass varnish and Er, Cr: YSGG laser on demineralized deciduous teeth as potential alternatives to fluoride therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vitro experimental study was conducted to evaluate and compare the remineralizing effects of nanobioglass varnish and Er,Cr: YSGG laser on demineralized deciduous teeth. Eighty-four extracted primary incisors were randomly assigned to seven groups, including positive and negative controls, fluoride varnish, nanobioglass varnish, Er,Cr: YSGG laser, and combined varnish-laser treatments. Bioactive glass nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol-gel method and characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers hardness test. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and independent t-tests using the SPSS software version 23 at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: Significant differences in surface microhardness were observed among the groups (P < 0.0001). The nanobioglass varnish followed by laser irradiation group showed the highest improvement in enamel microhardness compared to other treatments. CONCLUSION: Er,Cr: YSGG laser, either alone or in combination with nanobioglass varnish, significantly enhances the remineralization of demineralized deciduous enamel. This combination may serve as an effective nonfluoride alternative for managing primary caries lesions.