Prevention of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection by Poly (Hexamethylene Biguanide) Coatings: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: The significance of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is that it increases morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. The incidence of infections is reduced by the use of antibiotic-impregnated dressings at the central catheter insertion site. In this context, polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)-containing dressings have been used instead of disinfectants like chlorhexidine gluconate and routine care in treating CLABSI. Therefore, the present comprehensive review of trials was conducted to examine the effect of PHMB on CLABSI. Methods: The search was conducted using Google Scholar and databases like Medline, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest. The goal was to find English language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) according to PRISMA guidelines from October 2023 until April 2024. Results: The available data obtained from three studies, which included 396 patients in the intervention group versus 400 patients in the control groups, suggest that PHMB is effective in reducing the CLABSI rate. Also, the dressing dwell time was not significantly different from the controls. Conclusion: The results reviewed indicate that PHMB is effective in preventing CLABSI, and any reported complications can be managed or treated. Nevertheless, trials with larger sample sizes are recommended. © 2026 The Author(s); Published by Kerman University of Medical Sciences.