Comparative evaluation of the effect of different types of surface modifiers on bioactivity of porous titanium implants

Abstract

By surface modification of titanium foams, the bioactivity and bone bonding ability of the implants can be increased. The aim of the present research is to compare the effect of two different types of surface modifiers on the bioactivity of porous titanium implants. Two different types of surface modifiers (alkali and hydrogen peroxide) were performed on the surface of rigid and porous titanium implants. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to study the effect of performed modifiers on the outer and inner pores of the titanium foams. Thin film x-ray diffractometry (TF-XRD) was also used to identify the formed phase. Further, soaking of the titanium foams in simulated body fluids (SBF) was performed to compare the bioactivity of surface modified titanium foams. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic emission spectroscopy was employed to measure the changes of the calcium and phosphorus ions concentration of the SBF during the soaking times. Contact angle measurement was utilized to compare the wettability of surfaces modified rigid titanium implants. The results revealed that the surface treatment using alkali modifier was more effective than hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) modifier from the view of enhancement of bioactivity and increasing the surface wettability.