The Effect of Low Calorie Diet on Adiponectin Concentration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Adiponectin secreted from adipose tissue is proposed to be inversely related to the body fat mass. However, the magnitude of the effect of low calorie diet on adiponectin concentrations remains unknown. The present study was aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical trials that access the effect of low calorie diet on adiponectin concentration. We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, ISI web of science, and Google scholar for RCTs until January 2015. Totally, 13 trials were found, which examined the effect of low calorie diet on adiponectin concentration compared control group without low calorie diet. Our meta-analysis showed that weight loss diet can substantially increase the adiponectin concentration in overall (Hedges' g=0.34, 95 CI:0.17-0.50, p<0.001). Subgroup analysis also revealed that the low calorie diet can substantially enhance adiponectin concentrations when prescribed for 16 weeks (Hedges' g=0.48, 95 CI: 0.12-0.83, p=0.01) compared to >16 weeks (Hedges' g=0.30, 95 CI: 0.11-0.48, p=0.002). Weight loss diet beneficially affects blood adiponectin concentrations. More clinical trials are recommended to clear this effect among different genders and nationalities, and assess the magnitude of the effect based on changes in fat mass.