Association between body mass index and perceived weight status with self-rated health and life satisfaction in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study

Abstract

Adolescent obesity is a well-known worldwide issue with growing prevalence and complications. The concept of body image and complications of its misperception has been noted more recently. Life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) have also been known as independent morbidity and mortality factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations of perceived weight status (body image) and actual body mass index (BMI), with LS and SRH in a nationally representative sample of a pediatric population in Iran, as a country located in the Middle East and North Africa region. This nationwide population-based survey was conducted among 5,570 (2,784 female and 2,786 male) Iranian students, aged 10-18 years, living in urban and rural areas of 27 provinces, which were selected via multistage sampling method. Agreement between BMI and perceived weight status (underweight, about right and overweight/obesity) was assessed. Adjusted association between BMI and perceived weight status with LS and SRH was assessed using multiple logistic regressions after adjustment for potential confounders. Nearly 40 of the participants misperceived their body image. Misperception as overweight or underweight was found to be associated with lower odds for both LS and SRH overweight SRH OR 0.796 (95 % CI 0.647-980), underweight SRH OR 0.701 (95 % CI 0.588-0.835), overweight LS OR 0.884 (95 % CI 0.718-998), underweight LS OR = 0.676 (95 % CI 0.577-0.793), whereas the association between actual BMI with LS and SRH was not statistically significant (P value > 0.05). A mismatch between BMI and body weight perception was found in this study. Moreover, LS and SRH were not related with BMI, but had negative association with body weight perception.