Comparing the preventive effect of combination of ketamine with metoclopramide or fentanyl on the postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia

Abstract

Background: Pain is one of the most common postoperative complications that can be reduced via different methods like combination of two or more drugs to make synergistic effect. This research aimed to comparing the preventive effect of using combination of ketamine and fentanyl or ketamine and metoclopramide on the postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: In a double-blinded clinical trial study, 90 patients in class I and II of ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) classification who were candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into two groups. Half an hour before completion of the operation, patients in the first group received intravenous metoclopramide (0.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) slowly; while the patients in the second group received intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) and fentanyl (0.5 μg/kg) slowly. After completion of operation, the pain severity was evaluated based on the visual analogue score (VAS) and the data were compared between the two groups. Findings: The main pain score in ketamine and metoclopramide group at the end of recovery, also at the 2nd, 6th, 12th, 24th postoperative hours, was significantly lower than ketamine and fentanyl group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Preventive administration of ketamine and metoclopramide causes more reduction in postoperative pain than ketamine and fentanyl and is not associated with any severe postoperative complication. © 2015, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All Rights Reserved.