(2018) Immunology and Genetic of Leishmania infantum: The Role of Endonuclease G in the Apoptosis. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. ISSN 1735-1995
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Abstract
Leishmania infantum is the causative agent of infantile visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Mediterranean region. Despite developing protective responses, the disease progresses due to many of factors. These include the action of suppressive cytokines, exhaustion of specific T cells, loss of lymphoid tissue, and defective humoral response. Genetic changes that occur inside the genome of alienated or parasite cells, along with immune responses, play an important role in controlling or progressing the disease. Proapoptotic proteins such as Smac/DIABLO, EndoG, AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor), and cytochrome C are effective in apoptosis. EndoG is a mitochondrion-specific nuclease that translocates to the nucleus during apoptosis. Once released from mitochondria, endoG cleaves chromatin DNA into nucleosomal fragments independently of caspases. Therefore, endoG represents a caspase-independent apoptotic pathway initiated from the mitochondria. A comprehensive understanding of the immune and genetic events that occur during VL is very important for designing immunotherapy strategies and developing effective vaccines for disease prevention. In this review which explained the immunological responses and also the important factors that can contribute to parasite apoptosis and are used in subsequent studies as a target for the preparation of drugs or recombinant vaccines against parasites are briefly reviewed.
Item Type: | Article |
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Keywords: | apoptosis endonuclease g leishmania infantum vaccine programmed cell-death visceral leishmaniasis transgenic leishmania higher eukaryotes infection mechanisms nuclease endog iran macrophages |
Subjects: | QU Biochemistry. Cell Biology and Genetics > QU 300-560 Cell Biology and Genetics QW Microbiology and Immunology > QW 501-949 Immunology WR Dermatology WR Dermatology > WR 140-340 Skin Diseases |
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Department of Basic Science > Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Faculty of Medicine > Department of Basic Science > Department of Parasitology and Mycology Faculty of Medicine > Departments of Clinical Sciences > Department of Skin |
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Research in Medical Sciences |
Journal Index: | ISI |
Volume: | 23 |
Identification Number: | ARTN 36 10.4103/jrms.JRMS₇₀₅₁₇ |
ISSN: | 1735-1995 |
Depositing User: | Zahra Otroj |
URI: | http://eprints.mui.ac.ir/id/eprint/6486 |
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