Is single-child family associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors: the CASPIAN-V study

Abstract

Background: In the present study, the association of the cardio metabolic risk factors and the status of single-child family were studied in a national representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted as the fifth round of "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable disease" surveys. The students' questionnaire was derived from the World Health Organization-Global School Student Health Survey. Using survey data analysis methods, data from questionnaires'; anthropometric measures and biochemical information analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall, 14,274 students completed the survey (participation rate: 99); the participation rate for blood sampling from students was 91.5. Although in univariate logistic regression model, single child students had an increased risk of abdominal obesity OR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.19-1.58), high SBP OR: 1.58; 95% CI:1.17-2.14), high BP OR: 1.21; 95% CI:1.01-1.45) and generalized obesity OR: 1.27; 95% CI:1.06-1.52), in multiple logistic regression model, only association of single child family with abdominal obesity remained statistically significant OR: 1.28; 95% CI:1.11-1.50). Aiso in multivariate logistic regression model, for each increase of a child in the family the risk of abdominal obesity OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91-0.97), high SBP OR: 0.88; 95 CI: 0.81-0.95)] and generalized obesity OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91-0.99) decreased significantly. Conclusion: The findings of this study serve as confirmatory evidence on the association of cardio-metabolic risk factors with single-child family in children and adolescents. The findings of study could be used for better health planning and more complementary research.