24-h urinary sodium to potassium ratio and its association with obesity in children and adolescents

(2019) 24-h urinary sodium to potassium ratio and its association with obesity in children and adolescents. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION. ISSN 1436-6215 (Electronic) 1436-6207 (Linking)

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Abstract

PURPOSE: There are epidemiologic studies indicating a positive correlation between high sodium and low potassium intake and body mass index. Therefore, this study was conducted in a cross-sectional sample of Iranian children and adolescents to evaluate the link between 24-h urinary Na:K ratio and risk of obesity. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 374 participants aged 11-18 years were included. One 24-h urine sample was collected by each participant to estimate Na:K ratio. Anthropometric measurements were carried out and overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI >/= 85th percentile and abdominal obesity as a waist:height ratio (WHtR) of more than 0.5. RESULTS: As expected, 24-h urinary Na:K ratio showed significant associations with risk of overweight/obesity. Risk of adiposity assessed by WC and PBF was significantly associated with Na:K ratio after adjusting for SSBs consumption and calorie intake. Urinary Na:K ratio showed significant association with risk of adiposity assessed by WC only in girls in the highest tertile group with OR of 2.71 (95 CI 1.14-6.43), only after the addition of calorie intake. Adiposity assessed by PBF was only associated with Na:K ratio among boys with OR of 4.47 (95 CI 1.44-9.87) and 3.87 (95 CI 1.20-8.48), after adjusting for SSBs consumption and calorie intake, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that reducing Na and increasing K intake could be used as a useful approach to lower the risk of obesity and associated burden of disease in Iran. However, more studies are warranted.

Item Type: Article
Keywords: 24-h urine Adolescents Children Iran Obesity Overweight Potassium Sodium
Divisions: Cardiovascular Research Institute > Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center
Cardiovascular Research Institute > Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center
Faculty of Health > Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Gastroenterology and Liver Research Center
School of Nutrition and Food Sciences > Department of Clinical Nutrition
Journal or Publication Title: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
Journal Index: ISI
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-018-1645-x
ISSN: 1436-6215 (Electronic) 1436-6207 (Linking)
Depositing User: Zahra Otroj
URI: http://eprints.mui.ac.ir/id/eprint/7919

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