Iranian lifestyle factors affecting reflux disease among healthy people in Qom

Abstract

Background and aim: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common digestive system disorders. Life style factors may increase the risk of reflux disease. We aimed to determine prevalence of reflux and related life style-factors in the population living in Qom. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1500 residents of Qom in 2014. Individuals were selected through multi-stage sampling. They completed two questionnaires: FSSG questionnaire for diagnosis of GERD and a general questionnaire to measure demographic and lifestyle factors. Univariate and multivariate were used for analysis of data. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 1130 individuals were analyzed in which 52.4 of them were female. Prevalence of GERD was 28. Adjusted findings showed use of PPIs (OR: 2.2, 95 CI: 2-5), taking H2RAs (OR: 4.7, 95 CI: 2.3-9.4), the habit of quick eating (OR: 1.5, 95 CI: 1.1-2), extra salt consumption on daily meals (OR: 1.5, 95 CI: 1.05-2), lack of sleep (OR: 2.6, 95 CI: 1.5-4.8), and consumption of white bread (OR: 1.7, 95 CI: 1.05-2.7) were related to increased risk of GERD. Conclusion: Our findings showed lifestyle factors such as habit of quick eating, extra salt on regular meals, lack of sleep and use of white bread were associate with increased risk of GERD. However, habit of midnight snack, having dinner just before bedtime, lack of breakfast, smoking, drinking tea and coffee were not associated with increased risk of GERD. It is recommended to carry out a cohort study among the Iranian population to evaluate the effect of life-style risk factors on GERD.