Dextrose Hydration May Promote Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Gender-related Difference

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin (CP) as an anticancer drug may affect the plasma glucose level while diabetic subjects are protected against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. In the current study, the role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy on CP-induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated. METHODS: Sixty-nine male and female rats into 12 groups were subjected to hydrate (15 mL/kg) with vehicle or different doses of dextrose (2, 10 and 20) before and after CP (7.5 mg/kg) administration, and one week later the biochemical and kidney function markers, and histology finding were determined. RESULTS: All the animals co-treated with CP and dextrose 20 were expired during one week of experiment. Administration of CP alone increased kidney damage (kidney tissue damage score, KTDS) and kidney weight KW). It also elevated the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and BUN-creatineine ratio (BUN/Cr) levels in the serum. In addition, CP decreased body weight and creatinine (Cr) clearance (CLCr) significantly in both male and female rats (p<0.05), however dextrose (2 and 10) did not alter the mentioned parameters in male, but dextrose 10 supplement increased the serum levels of BUN, Cr and BUN/Cr ratio, KW and KTDS significantly in female rats (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Our data not only did not support the nephro-protective role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy but also indicated that dextrose hydration during CP therapy act as risk factor to promote CP induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. Prohibition of high carbohydrate (glucose) diet during CP therapy is recommended.