Retro MTA and tricalcium phosphate/retro MTA for guided tissue regeneration of periodontal dehiscence defects in a dog model: a pilot study

Abstract

Objectives: Retro MTA is a fast setting Calcium silicate cement used in endodontic regeneration procedures in recent years. Beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) is another common biomaterial used for bone augmentation procedures. The present pilot study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Retro MTA and a mixture of Retro MTA / beta-TCP for periodontal tissue regeneration. Materials and methods: In 4 beagle dogs, periodontal dehiscence type defects were created. In each side, one dehiscence defect was left empty as a control site and three treatment modalities were randomly applied for the others: Retro MTA covered with a collagen membrane, Retro MTA + beta-TCP covered with a membrane and covering the defect with a membrane without any bone augmentation. After 8 weeks Animals were sacrificed and Histomorphometric and histologic analysis were conducted. Results: Histologic analysis showed more cementum formation for both Retro MTA+ beta-TCP (3.74 +/- 0.34 mm) and Retro MTA group (3.24 +/- 0.56 mm) compared to control group 1 (1. 15 +/- 0.45 mm) and control group 2 (0.78 +/- 0.65 mm). Formation of newly formed bone and cementum in the experimental groups were significantly higher as compared to the control groups (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Retro MTA or Retro MTA+ beta-TCP covered with a collagen membrane resulted in regeneration of periodontal tissues. However, Retro MTA+ beta-TCP showed tendency towards better results than the use of Retro MTA alone.