Comparing the effect of two health education methods, self-directed and support group learning on the quality of life and self-care in Iranian postmenopausal woman

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Women during menopause stages experience many symptoms, for which they lack enough knowledge to manage them. This study aimed to compare the effect of self-directed and support group health education on the quality of life (QOL (and self-care of postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This field trial study was carried out with three groups. One hundred and eight menopause women were selected through convenient sampling method based on the inclusion criteria from three comprehensive health centers. Health centers were randomly assigned to support (n = 36), self-directed (n = 36), and control groups (n = 36). In the self-directed group, education was provided through educational package, and the control group received routine care from the health center. The support group received education through four group sessions by trained healthy volunteers. Data were collected by menopause-specific QOL and self-care standard questionnaire. RESULTS: Immediately after the intervention, the mean scores of QOL in the self-directed group, support group, and control group were 41.82 +/- 7.61, 40.31 +/- 4.80, and 48.17 +/- 8.45, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, the mean scores of self-care were significantly different between the self-directed (40.67 <plus/minus> 7.36) and support (36.50 +/- 3.36) groups compared to the control group (47.83 +/- 8.47) (P < 0.05). After 1 month from intervention, QOL scores in the self-directed group (40.67 <plus/minus> 7.36), support group (36.50 +/- 3.36), and control group (47.83 +/- 8.47) were significantly different (P < 0.05). In addition, the mean scores of self-care were 64 <plus/minus> 6.79 and 65 +/- 8.32 in the self-directed and support groups, respectively, compared to the control group (49.09 +/- 9.43). Post hoc test (least significant difference) revealed higher effectiveness of the support group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated QOL and self-care in menopause women in self-directed and support groups improved. However, the support group provided higher effectiveness. Therefore, we recommended paying more attention to the capabilities of healthy volunteers for the promotion of QOL in menopause women.