The role of virtual social networks in shaping people's attitudes toward COVID-19 in Iran

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The widespread occurrence of COVID-19 has caused people to seek information from various sources such as virtual social networks, which can positively or negatively affect one's mental status. In this article, we present the role of virtual social networks in shaping people's attitudes toward COVID-19 in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an applied descriptive study, in which 1010 users of virtual social networks were surveyed through an electronic questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS, Excel, and Rapid Miner software. The FP-growth technique was used to investigate the concurrence of choices in multiple-choice questions, and the Mann-Whitney and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine the correlation of the mean of each dimension with demographic data. Moreover, the Wilcoxon signed-rank, the Shapiro-Wilk, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used. RESULTS: Virtual social networks use increased significantly (40) after the COVID-19 outbreak. According to users, the greatest psychological impact of virtual social networks was the induction of anxiety (46.43) and the most common use was to learn about COVID-19 prevention and treatment (69.3). Based on the findings, there were no significant differences between the "awareness," "behavior intention," and "attitude and trust" and the users' marital status, age group, educational degree, and gender. CONCLUSION: Although social networks have enriched the public knowledge, they increased the individuals' anxiety mostly because of controversial news and disperse of misinformation which in turn misled the users. The social networks play an important role in directing the behavioral inclinations. Accordingly, it is recommended that the authorities in healthcare system establish authentic and formal webpage in these social networks to manage controversial and voluminous information.