Poly (glycerol sebacate) and polyhydroxybutyrate electrospun nanocomposite facilitates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering is a rapidly growing approach for repairing bone lesions, which needs scaffolds that meet biomechanical and bio-structural requirements of target tissues. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the potential application of fabricated poly (glycerol sebacate) and Polyhydroxybutyrate (PGS-PHB) nanofibrous scaffold by electrospinning, as a potential bone implant. Herein, after morphological study by SEM, the biological behavior and toxicity of the constructed scaffold were evaluated by cell attachment, protein adsorption and MTT assay. Then the supportive potential of the scaffold upon osteogenic differentiation process was investigated by the culture of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). The results showed that the PGS-PHB scaffold was nanofibrous, with a uniform surface and good porosity. The protein adsorption capacity of the scaffold was significantly higher than tissue culture plate (TCP) as a control group. The initial cell attachment in the PGS-PHB scaffold and TCP was not significantly different. Finally, the osteogenic differentiation potential of the ADSCs cultured on the PGS-PHB scaffold and TCP were evaluated by assessment of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content and bone-related gene expression. The results revealed that the ALP activity, calcium producing and expression level of bone-related genes in the cultured cells in the PGS-PHB scaffold group was significantly higher than cultured cells in the control group. Based on the obtained results, the constructed PGS-PHB scaffold has promising potential for use in bone tissue engineering applications.