Clinical and Cardiovascular Characteristics of Patients Suffering ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction After Covid-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is one of the fatal complications following Covid-19. We aimed to systematically assess the clinical sequels as well as cardiovascular findings in patients suffering STEMI following Covid-19.The manuscripts databases including PubMed, Web of knowledge (ISI), SCOPUS, Embase, and Google Scholar were deeply searched by the two reviewers using the relevant keywords related to the issue considered in the current review. Of 88 studies initially reviewed, 9 articles were included in final assessment. Nine articles including 447 patients with Covid-19 were included in the study. In terms of electrocardiographic findings, anterior lead involvement was reported in 12 - 61.6 of cases, inferior lead in 28.2 - 75 and lateral involvement in 7.7 - 100 of cases. The prevalence of LBBB was in the range of 10.7 - 61.6 of cases. In terms of echocardiographic findings, a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction was reported in 60 - 88 of patients. Wall motion abnormality was also observed in 60 - 82.1 of patients. In terms of angiographic findings, the multi-vessel disease was reported in 17.9 - 69 of cases. Also, 24 - 83 of cases needed to revascularization procedures. Cardiac arrest was also reported in 3.1 - 28.2 of cases. Based on the meta-analysis performed on the mortality of patients with STEMI in the field of Covid-19, the pooled prevalence of mortality was estimated at 25.2 (95CI:17.5-34.8). Mortality and adverse consequences of STEMI in patients with Covid-19 are far higher than in the general population. Therefore, in-hospital cardiovascular tracking and monitoring of Covid-19 patients with potential cardiovascular disorders is necessary to achieve a more favorable outcome.