The Effect of Bystander Due to Combined Treatment of Ultrasound Waves and Cisplatin on Melanoma A375 Cell Line

Abstract

Background: The use of ultrasound waves in combination with chemotherapy drugs increases the effectiveness of the drug in low doses. Moreover, in the treatment process, cells that have not been directly treated undergo a variety of changes such as death; this phenomenon is known as the bystander effect. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined treatment of ultrasound waves and cisplatin on the bystander cells in melanoma cells. Methods: Melanoma A375 cells were first cultured in the laboratory. After culturing the cells, two target and bystander cell groups were considered for the experiments. After determining the optimal concentration of cisplatin for melanoma A375 cells by MTT test, the target group cells were treated with the optimal concentration of cisplatin and ultrasound with intensities of 0.5, 1, and 2 w/cm2. After 24 hours, the culture medium of the target cells was collected and added to the bystander cells using the medium transfer technique. At 24 hours, MTT assay was used to measure cell viability. Findings: The survival percentage of melanoma cells in the bystander group, which received the culture medium of the treated cells by combination of cisplatin and ultrasound waves with an intensity of 2 W/cm2, had a significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusion: In combination therapies with ultrasound waves and chemotherapy drugs, the role of the bystander effect on the efficiency of treatment and cell survival should also be considered. © 2021 Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.