The effect of using sterile drape during permanent central venous catheterization on reduction of infection rate in patients under hemodialysis

Abstract

Background: Hemodialysis is one of the most significant alternatives for kidney transplantation which is dependent on efficient vascular access. Compared to arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), these catheters increase the risk of bacteremia more than 10 times. Infection is the second cause of death in patients under hemodialysis, and the cause of 30-60 percent of the central venous catheter replacement. To prevent catheter infection, foremost, we have to distinguish the risk factors and their effects. The plastic adhesive drape is used extensively to prevent the bacterial transmission from skin to the surgical site. Sterile drape utilization is a controversial discussion and there is no convincing evidence for disinfectant effect yet. Our purpose was is to investigate the sterile drape utilization to reduce the incidence of central venous catheter infection. Methods: A prospective randomized single-blind clinical trial was done. 80 internal jugular veins were embedded in two groups of 40 people (with and without sterile drape). The 2 groups were followed regarding the evidence of early infection. Findings: In the with sterile drape group, two patients on the third visit complained about redness of the catheter exit site, and in the without sterile drape group, one person on the third visit complained about secretion of the catheter exit site. No evidence of infection was detected by the physician. In without sterile drape group, one blood culture was done which was negative. No correlation was found between age, sex, weight, and the levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) with the incidence of infection. Conclusion: In our research, utilization of sterile drape did not have any significant effect on reduction of catheter early infection. © 2018 Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.