The Therapeutic Effect of Combination of X-ray and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Attached to Dacarbazine Chemotherapy Drug on Melanoma Cell Line

Abstract

Background: Due to the inherent resistance of melanoma cells to radiation, high doses of radiation are required to treat skin cancer, which increases the side effects from radiation. The use of iron oxide nanoparticles can make melanoma cells more sensitive to radiation and increase cell death. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with dacarbazine in the presence of megavoltage X-ray. Methods: After culturing A375 cells in vitro and grouping the cells, the optimal concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles and dacarbazine were calculated separately by MTT assay. Concentrations of 0.4, 0.7 and 1.5 mg / ml of dacarbazine were then combined with non-toxic concentrations of iron oxide nanoparticles. The amount of induced apoptosis in irradiated cells with 6 MV energy and 4 Gy radiation dose was calculated and compared with apoptosis in non-irradiated cells. Findings: The rate of apoptosis in melanoma cells treated with a combination of iron oxide nanoparticles with dacarbazine increased by 50. This rate increased to the maximum with cell irradiation, which is 30 higher than the mortality rate in the control group. Conclusion: Concomitant use of iron oxide nanoparticles with dacarbazine can increase the response of melanoma cells to treatment. The use of this compound in the presence of radiation also causes a significant reduction in cell survival, which indicates the sensitizing effect of iron oxide nanoparticles. © 2022 Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.