Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 and Popular Misconceptions: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background and Aims: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition demanding continuous monitoring to mitigate potential complications. One major obstacle to effective treatment lies in widespread misconceptions across key domains, including pathogenesis, nutrition and lifestyle, management and follow-up, and complications and social stigma. This study aimed to evaluate patient misconceptions about the causes and management of diabetes and explore their prevalence concerning factors such as age and gender. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran, between 2021 and 2022. A total of 390 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included through a convenient sampling method from different diabetes centers. Data were collected using a questionnaire about the causes of diabetes mellitus, dietary guidelines, medical interventions, and associated complications. The results were analyzed with a chi(2) test using SPSS software v. 16. Results: A total of 390 participants, with a mean age of 56 +/- 13.4 years and 58 females, participated in the study. The most prevalent myths about diabetes mellitus identified in this study include: only solid oils are fattening (302, 77.4), diabetic patients are permitted to take any quantity of dried mulberries (201, 51.5), diabetes is only a hereditary disease (177, 45.3), diabetes can only strike obese individuals (167, 42.8), and fruits can be consumed in any quantity by diabetic individuals because fruit sugar is a natural substance (143, 36.6). Conclusion: Patients' misunderstandings of the etiology and management of diabetes mellitus are diverse. Given that myths can negatively affect glycemic control; patient education is crucial to effective management.