The effects of policosanol supplementation on creatinine: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Policosanol, a compound generated from sugar cane, consists of alcohols such as octacosanol, hexacosanol, and triacontanol, which possess antioxidant properties. Evaluating the impact of this antioxidant on serum creatinine in clinical settings is essential because of the contradictory findings. This comprehensive review and dose-response meta-analysis attempts to evaluate the impact of policosanol supplementation on creatinine levels. METHODS: A comprehensive search was performed in bibliographic databases such as Cochrane, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering the period from inception to November 2023. The necessary data was retrieved, and pertinent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were the reported measure of the pooled effects. To find between-study heterogeneities, the I-squared test was employed. RESULTS: A total of 2427 participants were involved in the twenty-one RCTs that were included. A meta-analysis showed that policosanol had no significant change in creatinine levels in participants consuming policosanol compared to placebo consumers (WMD = 0.21 micromol/l; 95 CI = - 0.85 to 1.26; P = 0.70). Policosanol consumption for durations >/= 24 weeks significantly decreased creatinine, according to subgroup studies. There was a non-linear correlation between changes in creatinine levels and the dosage of prescription policosanol (P (nonlinearity) = 0.002). However, the treatment time did not have a significant impact on creatinine levels in a non-linear manner (P (nonlinearity) = 0.24). CONCLUSION: Policosanol supplementation has no significant effect on creatinine levels.