Epidemiologic Patterns of Hydatidosis in Isfahan, Iran, from 2016 to 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cystic echinococcosis or hydatidosis is a parasitic disease common between humans and animals. This disease is an important public health issue in many parts of the world. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the epidemiologic patterns of hydatidosis in Isfahan, Iran, from 2016 to 2022. METHODS: In this retrospective descriptive-analytical study, the data of patients with hydatidosis hospitalized at three medical centers in Isfahan province were examined. The extracted data included demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and exposure to risk factors. Data analysis was performed in SPSS v.26 software. RESULTS: Among 774 patients, 53 were male and 47 were female. The highest frequency was reported in 2022 (18.5) for the age group of 31-40 (22.6). Among patients, 34.5 were from rural areas and 65.5 from cities. Also, 64 had a history of contact with animals (dogs and livestock). The liver was the most affected organ in 53.8 of cases. Also, 22.8 of patients had a history of hydatid cysts. Lung involvement in males and liver involvement in women were significant (P<0.001). The majority of patients (73.8) had one cyst. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing prevalence of hydatidosis is a serious problem in Isfahan. To effectively control the disease, preventive interventions such as regular antiparasitic treatment of domestic dogs, control of stray dogs, promotion of public awareness about the transmission routes, and follow-up treatment of patients seem necessary. © The Author(s).