Epidemiological Study of Patients with Orbital Tumors in a Referral Ophthalmology Hospital in Isfahan, 2015-2023

Abstract

Background: The study was conducted with the aim of determining the epidemiological indicators of orbital tumors in patients at a referral ophthalmology hospital in Isfahan. Methods: This cross-sectional studywas conducted on 192 patientswith orbital tumors who were treated in a referral ophthalmology hospital and the author's office between 2015 and 2023. Necessary information was collected from the patients' hospitalization records. The final diagnosis was confirmed based on histopathological findings and imaging. Independent T-test and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. Findings: Malignant lesions accounted for 28.1 of cases. The mean age of patients with benign and malignant tumors was 37.2 (21.5) and 50.7 (21.8) years, respectively (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the frequency of benign and malignant masses based on gender (P > 0.05). The most common findings were cavernous hemangioma (17.2), pseudotumor (10.9), dermoid cyst (9.9), and lymphoma (8.9). Among benign lesions, the most frequent were cavernous hemangioma (23.9), pseudotumor (15.2), dermoid cyst (13.8), and sphenoorbital meningioma (11.6). The most frequent malignant lesions were lymphoma (31.5), basal cell carcinoma (20.4), adenoid cystic carcinoma (12.9), and squamous cell carcinoma (11.1). 51.9 of malignant tumors were secondary. Optic nerve glioma was the most common tumor observed in pediatric patients, accounting for 21.6 of tumors in this group. Conclusion: In this study, the frequency of benign lesions was higher. Most malignant lesions were secondary. Patients with malignant tumors were older than those with benign tumors. Identifying populations at risk for malignant tumors is helpful for preventive purposes. © 2025, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.